Hot peppers have been gaining in popularity in Texas as well as in most parts of the country. They are easy to grow in Texas and there is a wide variety of choices from the mild Poblano Chili to the medium hot Jalapenos and fiery hot Habaneros. Aside from the great taste, there are a number of unique ornamental hot pepper varieties.
The time to plant hot peppers outdoors in East Texas is fast approaching; they can be put in the ground a week or two after the last frost. Peppers require full sun, with at least 6 hours and more per day. You can obtain your plants either from seed, pre-started indoors 6-8 weeks earlier or from a nursery. Follow good gardening practice when preparing your soil, planting, watering and fertilizing. When fertilizing, take care that it doesn't contain too much nitrogen; this will cause the plants to form a lot of foliage at the expense of the fruits. Also, keep in mind that while peppers are self-pollinated, they will also cross pollinate. If you plant fiery hot peppers close to your mild peppers, and you save and plant the seed, next year you may be surprised with a very hot "mild" pepper. Cross pollination does not affect the current crop.
For fruit production, the ideal temperature is in the 70 to 85F range with overnight temperatures above 60F. The first hot peppers will be ready to pick within 10 to 12 weeks after transplanting. Harvesting the mature fruit encourages the plant to continue producing. Your hot pepper plants should continue to produce until the first frost in the fall. When you begin harvesting your hot peppers, remember to wear gloves if your skin is sensitive. Oh, and do not to rub your eyes.
Wayne Blonn, Smith County Master Gardener
Texas AgriLife Extension Service
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